. Getting to other planets or to the moon ___...

. Getting to other planets or to the moon _____ many problems.

高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析

Mercury(水星) is the closest planet to the sun. It is a planet slightly larger than the Earth’s moon. It is covered in craters. Some craters have ice in them, even though the planet is hot. Sunlight never touches some parts because of the planet’s special position. Without air, there are great temperature differences between the coldest and hottest parts. Mercury days are so long that there are big differences between temperatures on the daylight side and the night side.

Mercury was created billions of years ago, when big rocks ran into each other. After these accidents, the planet was frequently visited by meteorites (流星) for several hundred million years. There were also many volcanic eruptions. As the planet cooled, the thin, rocky outside shell reduced in diameter(直径) by about 3 kilometers.

The Caloris Basin is one of the largest craters on Mercury. This big crater is 1, 300 kilometers wide and was formed when a large rock, about 100 kilometers across, knocked into the surface. Beethoven, another large crater, is 643 kilometers across.

The cliffs on Mercury are up to 2 kilometers high and hundreds of kilometers long. The cliffs were formed when the thin surface fell apart, as volcanic activity slowed down and Mercury became cooler.

One Mercury day lasts about 59 Earth days. Mercury takes about 88 Earth days to have a complete year, instead of the 365 days that we have on the Earth. Mercury speeds around the sun so that there are three Mercury days every two Mercury years! Mercury has a strange relationship with the Earth. Every 117 days, when Mercury is closest to the Earth, it always has the same side facing us.

Mariner 10 is the only spacecraft to visit Mercury. It made three visits to Mercury in, the 1970s, taking photos of many cliffs and craters. Although the first three visits answered many questions, they have raised others.

1.What is the surface of Mercury like?

A.It’s generally flat. B.It’s hot everywhere.

C.It’s bright everywhere. D.It’s cold in some parts.

2.Why did Mercury’s diameter get smaller?

A.A drop in temperature changed its size.

B.A great many meteorites ran into it.

C.It got out of shape as time passed.

D.Lots of surface rocks fell off.

3.What do we know about Mercury?

A.One Mercury day lasts about 88 Earth days.

B.It turns around the sun faster than the Earth.

C.Six Mercury days are two Mercury years.

D.It has more cliffs than large craters.

4.What happened after Mariner 10’s three visits to Mercury?

A.Another spacecraft visited Mercury.

B.New cliffs and craters were formed.

C.New signs of volcanic activity appeared.

D.Lots of new puzzles needed to be solved.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Next Stop: Planet Mars

Fly me to the moon? That’s not far enough. On September 14, 2011, NASA released designs for a superrocket, the Space Launch System (SLS). This time the final destination will be Mars.

The SLS is a huge, liquid-fuelled rocket. If it is fully developed, it will be the most powerful rocket ever built. Its lift capability will be much bigger than that of the space shuttle of Saturn 5, the rocket that sent the Apollo missions to the moon.

NASA is planning to launch its first unmanned test flight in 2017. It is hoped that the first crew will fly in 2021 and astronauts will make it to a nearby asteroid(小行星) in 2025. NASA hopes to send the rocket and astronauts to Mars from the asteroid by the 2030s, according to the Associated Press (AP).

NASA used liquid rockets to send Apollo, Gemini and Mercury into space, but later changed to solid rockets boosters(助推火箭) because they were cheaper. Tragically, however, a booster flaw(缺陷) caused the space shuttle Challenger to crash in 1986. The new project plans to return to liquid fuel.

According to AP, the rockets will at first be able to carry 77 to 110 tons of payload(净载重量). Eventually they will be able to carry 143 tons into space, maybe even as many as 165 tons, NASA officials said. By comparison, the Saturn 5 booster could lift 130 tons and the space shuttle just 27 tons.

However, unlike reusable shuttles, these powerful rockets are mostly one use only. New ones have to be built for every launch. This will be very costly.

NASA estimates that it will cost about $3 billion (19 billion yuan) per year, or $18 billion until the first test flight in 2017. NASA hopes to make money by allowing private companies to send astronauts to the International Space Station like giant taxi services, so that the program can be “sustainable”.

“This is perhaps the biggest thing for space exploration in decades,” said Senator Bill Nelson, a former astronaut. “The goal is to fly humans safely beyond low-Earth orbit(轨道) and deep into outer space where we cannot only survive, but one day also live.”

1.What is the outstanding feature of the SLS?

A．It’s equipped with an advanced control system.

B．It’s the first unmanned space shuttle in the world.

C．It’s the only vehicle that can fly astronauts to the moon.

D．It can send a lot more goods and passengers into space.

2.What is Saturn 5?

A．An aircraft that had a deadly flaw and crashed in 1986.

B．A series of rockets that once sent astronauts to the moon.

C．An unmanned space shuttle that was once famous in the world.

D．A kind of launch vehicle that will be used to carry astronauts to Mars.

3.NASA plans to use liquid fuel in the new project because ______ than solid rockets boosters.

A．it is less costly

B．it is much safer

C．it can last longer

D．it is more environmentally friendly

4.According to NASA’s schedule, it will take ______ years to fully complete the SLS program.

A．about 6                               B．about 10

C．less than 14                            D．more than 19

5.It can be inferred from the passage that ______.

A．the SLS program is planning to make reusable rockets

B．the goal of the SLS program is to enable humans to live on the moon

C．the US government may not have provided enough money for the SLS program

D．NASA will use SLS as a space taxi between the Earth and Mars

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Drawings of human colonies on other planets often picture the entire community under a glass or plastic bubble. The bubble is intended to create an atmosphere with adequate oxygen and other essential elements. But similar bubble-like structures have also been constructed on earth. One of the most famous, and controversial, is a site in the Arizona desert.

Biosphere 2, as it is called, was built not far from Tucson in 1984 and is now run by Columbia University. This huge（7,200,000-cubic-foot）glass and steel construction contains several separate ecosystems, including a desert, a rain forest, and a 900,000-gallon “ocean.” The climatic conditions-humidity, temperature, air quality-are regulated by sensors and can be adjusted as needed or desired. For example, a rainstorm can be created to increase the humidity. The adjustable features of Biosphere 2 make it an ideal location to perform experiments to help determine the effects of such climatic changes as global warming.

The current conditions at Biosphere 2 are vastly different from those in 1993, when eight people who had moved into the environment with great fanfare two years earlier moved out in failure. Though promising to be self-sufficient（自足的）, these “colonists” had so much trouble regulating the environment that they reportedly had food smuggled into them. Oxygen levels became dangerously low; most plants and animals died. In taking over the unsuccessful site, Columbia hopes to erase its notorious past by focusing on small research projects that gradually answer some of Biosphere 1’s — that is, Earth’s most basic environment questions.

1.This passage primarily deals with _________.

2.Biosphere 2 is now run by _________.

3.The passage suggests that earlier colonists of Biosphere 2 _________.

4.The writer helps you understand what Biosphere 2 is like by _________.

5.In paragraph 3 the word “notorious” means _________.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

There are still many problems ______ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.

A. solving　　 　　　　　　　　 B. solved

C. being solved　 　　　　　 D.to be solved

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

There are still many problems ______ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.

A. solving                B. solved

C. being solved            D.to be solved

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

17．The movie is to deucate people about environmental problems ______ our planet.

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While many young people may resist getting a "real job" or becoming independent, these are the things that make you happy and give you purpose. Some people underestimate the satisfaction of working, thinking they'll be miserable. The 20-somethings that do work are happier than those who don' t or are underemployed.

If you invest in your career early，you'll have longer to build it up. 70% of wage growth happens in the first 10 years, so you need to get the best job you can get and negotiate your salary. No one can be sure that people who will wait until their 30s to get going are expecting to experience later to catch up with those of their ages.

Many 20-somethings don't know what they want to do, so they hang around the house or in. low-level jobs waiting for the spirit to move them. Not making a choice is a choice. These 20-somethings think they are keeping their options open, but they are actually closing doors. Resumes start to look thin, their peers(同龄人) begin surpassing them and they may get stuck in underemployment.

It will take about 10,000 hours(or about five years)to really master their jobs. If you're wondering why colleagues seem so smart and confident, it's partly because they've been doing it longer. Young people should learn as much as they can in their first jobs and remember it will take some time to really get good.

The 20-something brain is still developing, which is in charge of critical emotion with reason. This, coupled with less on-the-job experience, means 20-somethings are more sensitive to surprise and criticism. They are more likely to take feedback personally. Step back and get some perspective. You're not going to be fired because your boss is angry. Hear the criticism and learn from it.

The brain doesn't fully mature until your mid-20s, particularly the parts that plan for the future and manage emotions. That doesn't mean you should sit around and wait for it to develop. In. fact, what you learn and experience in your 20s becomes hardwired into your brain and this is the best chance you have to change your brain and change how you think and react. What people do in their 20s determines who they'll be as adults.

1.What is the best title of the passage?

A. How You Spend Your 20s Will Define You.

B. The 20-something Brain Remains To Be Developed.

C. Young People Need Employment And Experiences.

D. Becoming Mature Should Invest In The Career.

2.What can we infer from the whole passage?

A. Not all people resist becoming independent.

B. Adult responsibilities make you happier.

C. Not making a choice is a better policy

D. It takes chances to get good jobs.

3.What does the underlined part "coupled with" mean according to the passage?

A. multiplied by                            B. recounted in.

C. composed of.                D. combined with.

4.What idea does the writer of the passage support?

A. Take feedback personally anytime and anywhere.

B. It is never too late to wait till a choice is made.

C. A lesson should be learned from criticism.

D. The satisfaction of working is not contented.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Why Mars (火星) is New Settlement

Is it possible to live on other planets? The United States government is taking a serious look at the moon and Mars as potential places for future human settlement. The moon could serve as a training ground for later journeys to Mars. Currently, with Mars becoming the eventual long-term goal, serious questions exist as to whether the dangers of the settlement on the moon are too extreme and unnecessary.

One major reason the settlement on the moon is too dangerous is the difference between the atmosphere environment of the moon and Mars. Atmosphere is important because it protects humans and all other life from a continuous attack of radiation (辐射) caused by sources such as the sun. This radiation is especially dangerous to humans because it increases the risk of cancer and can negatively change DNA. The fact that the moon has no atmosphere can cause great harm to human beings. Although Mars’ atmosphere is significantly thinner than Earth’s, at least it has one and would create some sort of protective barrier for humans.

Another important characteristic necessary for human settlement is natural resources like water, of which the moon is believed to have none. Mars, however, contains vast quantities of water ice, dry ice, and also snow. There is also sufficient evidence that water once existed at the surface of Mars and might return in the future if the planet warms. With increased technologies, the potential for settlers to remain on Mars by being increasingly self-sufficient makes Mars a much more attractive goal as the space settlement than the moon.

Future settlers will not only benefit from potential water on Mars; the planet is also rich in other natural resources such as oxygen, hydrogen, and minerals, which can be well used in productive ways.　 For example, hydrogen can be used as fuel, and it can be combined with nitrogen (氮气) to form new materials necessary for human settlement. Due to these advantages,

Mars would be a more successful planet for exploration and settlement because it contains the basic resources necessary for humans to survive.

Since the environment of Mars is more similar to that of Earth and it contains resources necessary to　 help　 life　 exist,　 it should　 be　 the　 only option　 for　 any kind　 of　 long-term human settlement. The settlement on Mars would not only be a milestone in space but also an excellent chance for mankind to improve itself from past adventures on Earth and preserve and make the best use of the natural resources Mars has to offer.

1.According to Paragraph 2, the atmosphere on Mars would 　　　　　　　　 .

A. change the DNA structure of humans

B. measure the harmful radiation from space

C. provide protection against dangerous effects

D. cause humans to be exposed to serious illnesses

2.What can be inferred about water on Mars?

A. It is not present in a liquid state.

B. It doesn’t exist in large quantities.

C. It will bring potential dangers to settlers.

D. It can be easily changed into liquid forms.

3.The author believes that 　　 .

A. exploration of Mars takes great risk

B. natural resources on Mars last forever

C. settlement on Mars is perfectly acceptable

D. Mars is more suitable for settlement than Earth

4.Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?

CP: Central Point　 P: Point　 Sp: Sub-point (次要点)　 C: Conclusion

A. 　　 B.

C. 　　 D.

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Many people find themselves caught up in others’ problems, and then confused about how and when to help. In fact, all relationships need limits no matter whether they are friendships, sibling relations, mates/ lovers or business relations. On some level, all limit setting means saying no. However, it is usually a qualified “no” that says what, where, when, and under what conditions you will give or not give to another person. There are three points we should keep in mind about limit setting:

1.Decide where to set the limits. Think about the entire situation. Consider your time, emotions, and means. Then consider whether you are helping the other person. Aim to do something to help the other person without taking on the whole problem.

2.Express the limits clearly. For example, you say to your friend, “ I will lend you $20,000 no more than once every three months. And I expect you will pay me back within three months and certainly before you can borrow more.” You say to another friend, “you can stay here for three weeks but you must help me with expenses and cooking and make sure that you will find your own place before the three weeks is up”.

3.Stick to your limits. You are not responsible for making the other person obey the limits. You are only responsible for following the limits yourself. Your friend has repaid $12,500 of his/her $20,000 and asks for $20,000 more. You say no. He/She gets emotional and then says, “I need this money to cover a bad check. If you cared for our friendship, you would do it”.

Limit setting is often stressful and painful because people mistakes it for rejection. And limit setting certainly brings guilt. Bear in mind, it doesn’t mean you have given up or quit loving your friend, lovers, or sibling. It does mean you are expressing that love in a different and more helpful (to both of you) manner.

1.According to the passage, setting limits means___________________.

A. refusing always to say yes to your friend

B. saying no to your friend who turns to you

C. making different kinds of friends

D. breaking away from your friend

2.Once you decide to set limits, you should________________________.

A. announce it publicly to others

B. tell your friend about it clearly

C. be responsible for your friend

D. begin to help your friend

3.We can learn from the last paragraph that limit setting______________.

A. is often misunderstood

B. is actually a kind of rejection

C. does harm to your friendship

D.contains both love and hate

4.What would be the best title for the passage?

A. About friendship

B. How to make friends

C. Set limits with friends

D. Show your love in a new way

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析