China is going green. In order to reduce air pollution and oil shortages, automobile manufacturers have announced their plans to develop hybrid vehicles (混合燃料汽车) for the Chinese market. Toyota's hybrid car Prius will be ready to drive in China this week. Let's have a look at the new car.
Any vehicle is a hybrid when it combines two or more sources of power. Hybrid cars run off a rechargeable battery and gasoline. Hybrid cars have special engines, which are smaller than traditional gasoline engines. They run at 99 percent of their power when the car is cruising (匀速行驶). A specially designed battery motor provides extra power for running up hills or when extra acceleration is needed.
Step into a Prius, and turn on the engine. The first thing you notice is how much quieter it is than a traditional car. At this point, the car's gasoline engine is dormant (休眠). The electric motor will provide power until the car reaches about 24 km/h. If you stay at a low speed, you are effectively driving an electric car, with no gasoline being used, and no waste gas gives off.
The onboard (车载的) computer makes the decision about when to use a gas engine, when to go electric, and when to use a combination of the two. If you go over 24 km/h, when you step on the gas pedal (油门), you are actually telling the computer how fast you want to go.
The electronic motor recharges automatically using a set of batteries. When driving at high speed, the gasoline engine not only powers the car, but also charges the batteries. Any time you use the brake, the electric motor in the wheels will work like a generator and produce electricity to recharge the batteries. As a consequence, the car's batteries will last for around 200,000 miles.
1.The author writes this passage mainly to________.
A. teach people how to drive a hybrid car
B. introduce a new kind of “green” car
C. show how to save their gasoline when driving a car
D. announce plans to develop hybrid vehicles for China
2.Which of the followings is NOT true?
A. The hybrid cars reduce air pollution and oil shortages.
B. The car's gasoline engine doesn't work until it reaches about 24 km/h.
C. This kind of car is completely controlled by an onboard computer.
D. A specially designed battery motor provides extra power when needed.
3.What is the most important feature of hybrid cars?
A. They are powered by both a rechargeable battery and gasoline.
B. They are much quieter than traditional cars.
C. They only use 99 percent of their power to run up hills.
D. They have smaller engines than traditional gasoline ones.
4.What can we conclude from the story?
A. The batteries can be recharged at any time you want.
B. Using the brake suggests that the gasoline engine should work.
C. The batteries will last for 200, 000 miles without being recharged.
D. The gasoline engine charges the batteries as well as powers the car.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题
China is going green. In order to reduce air pollution and oil shortages, automobile manufacturers have announced their plans to develop hybrid vehicles (混合燃料汽车) for the Chinese market. Toyota's hybrid car Prius will be ready to drive in China this week. Let's have a look at the new car.
Any vehicle is a hybrid when it combines two or more sources of power. Hybrid cars run off a rechargeable battery and gasoline. Hybrid cars have special engines, which are smaller than traditional gasoline engines. They run at 99 percent of their power when the car is cruising (匀速行驶). A specially designed battery motor provides extra power for running up hills or when extra acceleration is needed.
Step into a Prius, and turn on the engine. The first thing you notice is how much quieter it is than a traditional car. At this point, the car's gasoline engine is dormant (休眠). The electric motor will provide power until the car reaches about 24 km/h. If you stay at a low speed, you are effectively driving an electric car, with no gasoline being used, and no waste gas gives off.
The onboard(车载的) computer makes the decision about when to use a gas engine, when to go electric, and when to use a combination of the two. If you go over 24 km/h, when you step on the gas pedal (油门), you are actually telling the computer how fast you want to go.
The electronic motor recharges automatically using a set of batteries. When driving at high speed, the gasoline engine not only powers the car, but also charges the batteries. Any time you use the brake, the electric motor in the wheels will work like a generator and produce electricity to recharge the batteries. As a consequence, the car's batteries will last for around 200,000 miles.
1.The author writes this passage mainly to________.
A. teach people how to drive a hybrid car
B. show how to save their gasoline when driving a car
C. introduce a new kind of "green" car
D. announce plans to develop hybrid vehicles for China
2.The first sentence probably refers to ________.
A. there will be more and more green land in China
B. China has started producing environmentally friendly cars
C. China's new cars are combinations of different green models
D. China is still young and lacking experience
3.What is the most important feature of hybrid cars?
A. They have smaller engines than traditional gasoline ones.
B. They are much quieter than traditional cars.
C. They only use 99 percent of their power to run up hills.
D. They are powered by both a rechargeable battery and gasoline.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
China is going green. In order to reduce air pollution and oil shortages, automobile manufacturers have announced their plans to develop hybrid vehicles (混合燃料汽车) for the Chinese market. Toyota's hybrid car Prius will be ready to drive in China this week. Let's have a look at the new car.
Any vehicle is a hybrid when it combines two or more sources of power. Hybrid cars run off a rechargeable battery and gasoline. Hybrid cars have special engines, which are smaller than traditional gasoline engines. They run at 99 percent of their power when the car is cruising (匀速行驶). A specially designed battery motor provides extra power for running up hills or when extra acceleration is needed.
Step into a Prius, and turn on the engine. The first thing you notice is how much quieter it is than a traditional car. At this point, the car's gasoline engine is dormant (休眠). The electric motor will provide power until the car reaches about 24 km/h. If you stay at a low speed, you are effectively driving an electric car, with no gasoline being used, and no waste gas gives off.
The onboard (车载的) computer makes the decision about when to use a gas engine, when to go electric, and when to use a combination of the two. If you go over 24 km/h, when you step on the gas pedal (油门), you are actually telling the computer how fast you want to go.
The electronic motor recharges automatically using a set of batteries. When driving at high speed, the gasoline engine not only powers the car, but also charges the batteries. Any time you use the brake, the electric motor in the wheels will work like a generator and produce electricity to recharge the batteries. As a consequence, the car's batteries will last for around 200,000 miles.
1.The author writes this passage mainly to________.
A. teach people how to drive a hybrid car
B. introduce a new kind of “green” car
C. show how to save their gasoline when driving a car
D. announce plans to develop hybrid vehicles for China
2.Which of the followings is NOT true?
A. The hybrid cars reduce air pollution and oil shortages.
B. The car's gasoline engine doesn't work until it reaches about 24 km/h.
C. This kind of car is completely controlled by an onboard computer.
D. A specially designed battery motor provides extra power when needed.
3.What is the most important feature of hybrid cars?
A. They are powered by both a rechargeable battery and gasoline.
B. They are much quieter than traditional cars.
C. They only use 99 percent of their power to run up hills.
D. They have smaller engines than traditional gasoline ones.
4.What can we conclude from the story?
A. The batteries can be recharged at any time you want.
B. Using the brake suggests that the gasoline engine should work.
C. The batteries will last for 200, 000 miles without being recharged.
D. The gasoline engine charges the batteries as well as powers the car.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
China_is_going_green. In order to reduce air pollution and oilshortages, automobile manufacturers have announced their plans to develop hybrid vehicles (混合燃料汽车) for the Chinese market. Toyota's hybrid car Prius will be ready to drive in China this week. Let's have a look at the new car.
Any vehicle is a hybrid when it combines two or more sources of power. Hybrid cars run off a rechargeable battery and gasoline. Hybrid cars have special engines, which are smaller than traditional gasoline engines. They run at 99 percent of their power when the car is cruising (匀速行驶). A specially designed battery motor provides extra power for running up hills or when extra acceleration is needed.
Step into a Prius, and turn on the engine. The first thing you notice is how much quieter it is than a traditional car. At this point, the car's gasoline engine is dormant (休眠). The electric motor will provide power until the car reaches about 24 km/h. If you stay at a low speed, you are effectively driving an electric car, with no gasoline being used, and no waste gas gives off.
The onboard(车载的) computer makes the decision about when to use a gas engine, when to go electric, and when to use a combination of the two. If you go over 24 km/h, when you step on the gas pedal (油门), you are actually telling the computer how fast you want to go.
The electronic motor recharges automatically using a set of batteries. When driving at high speed, the gasoline engine not only powers the car, but also charges the batteries. Any time you use the brake, the electric motor in the wheels will work like a generator and produce electricity to recharge the batteries. As a consequence, the car's batteries will last for around 200,000 miles.
1.The author writes this passage mainly to________.
A.teach people how to drive a hybrid car
B.introduce a new kind of “green” car
C.show how to save their gasoline when driving a car
D.announce plans to develop hybrid vehicles for China
2.The first sentence probably refers to ________.
A.there will be more and more green land in China
B.China is still young and lacking experience
C.China's new cars are combinations of different green models
D.China has started producing environmentally friendly cars
3.Which of the followings is NOT true?
A.The hybrid cars reduce air pollution and oilshortages.
B.The car's gasoline engine doesn't work until it reaches about 24 km/h.
C.This kind of car is completely controlled by an onboard computer.
D.A specially designed battery motor provides extra power when needed.
4.What is the most important feature of hybrid cars?
A.They are powered by both a rechargeable battery and gasoline.
B.They are much quieter than traditional cars.
C.They only use 99 percent of their power to run up hills.
D.They have smaller engines than traditional gasoline ones.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
China is going green.In order to reduce air pollution and oil-shortages, car makers have announced their plans to develop hybrid(混合燃料)cars for the Chinese market.Toyota’s hybrid car Prius will be ready to drive in China this week.Let’s have a look at the new car.
Any vehicle is a hybrid car when it combines two or more sources of power.Hybrid cars have special engines, which are smaller than traditional gasoline engine.They run at 99 percent of their power when the car is going at a steady speed. A specially designed battery motor provides extra power for running up hills or when extra speed-up is needed.
Step into a Prius, and turn on the engine.The first thing you notice is how much quieter it is than a traditional car.At this point, the car’s gasoline engine is at rest.The electric motor will provide power until the car reaches about 24 kilometers per hour.If you stay at a low speed, you are effectively driving an electric car, with no gasoline being used, and no waste gas gives off.
The computer makes the decision about when to use a gas engine, when to go electric, and when to use a combination of the two.If you go over 24 kilometers per hour, when you step on the gas, you are actually telling the computer how fast you want to go.
The electronic motor recharges automatically using a set of batteries.When driving at a high speed, the gasoline engine not only powers the car, but also charges the batteries.
Any time you use the brake, the electric motor will work like a generator(发电机)and produce electricity to recharge the batteries.As a result, the car’s batteries will last for around 200,000 miles.
1.Which of the following pictures can show how the power system of Prius works correctly?(W—Wheel of the car, E.M—electric motor, G.E—gasoline engine, C—computer, B—batteries)
A.
B.
C.
D.
2.What is the most important characteristic of hybrid cars?
A. They are powered by both a rechargeable battery and gasoline.
B. They have smaller engines than traditional gasoline ones.
C. They use only 99 percent of their power to run up hills.
D. They are much quieter than traditional cars.
3.We can know from the report that ___________.
A. the batteries can be recharged at any time you want
B. using the brake suggests that the gasoline engine should work
C. the gasoline engine charges the batteries as well as powering the car
D. the car’s batteries will last for around 200,000 miles without being recharged
4.The author writes this passage mainly to ___________.
A. announce plans to develop hybrid cars for the Chinese market
B. let people know how to save their gasoline when driving a car
C. teach people how to drive a hybrid car
D. introduce a new kind of “green” car
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Because of air pollution being greatly reduced, this city is still ______.
A.a good place which to be lived in | B.lived as a good place |
C.a good place to live in | D.living in as a good place |
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
As people in Beijing and northern China struggle with severe air pollution this winter,the toxic(有毒的)air is also making life hard for plants and even food crops of China.
"in the last 50 years there has been a 1 6-fold increase in ozone(臭氧)pollution”in the Beijing area,said Hanqin Tian of Auburn University in Alabama,who studies the effects of China's pollution and climate change on plants.
Ozone is particularly harmful to plants because it damages the pores(气孔) on leaves,called stomata,which plants use to regulate how much water evaporates from the leaves.That,in turn,affectS how much water a plant must take up through its roots.Changes in water uptake by plants have been documented in other parts of the world,including the United States,as having major impacts on regional groundwater and surface water supplies.
In studies of the long-term productivity of plants,Hanqin Tian and some of his colleagues show that ozone pollution,along with climate change,has been lowering plant productivity in China,which reduces the amount of carbon and other pollutants that the plants Can absorb to fight all the emissions from the burning offossil fuels.
The worst effects on plants are likely to be in areas where the growing pollution problem is just fairly new, said Arthur Chappelka, also a plant researcher at Auburn University.Some plants are more resistant to pollutants than others,he said,and the plants that are living today in long-polluted urban areas are likely to be only those that are very pollution tolerant.
Away from the cities, however, where crops are necded to feed China’s yast population, the effeets of the growing pollution on crops is a significant concern.
“In some ways it affects the crop production and food securiy of China,”said Hanqin Tian.“Air quality is really important for human health, plants and ecosystem and sustainability.”
The problem is bound to get worse as China continues to develop economically, he said, and so he and other researchers continue to urge the Chinese government to take action to reduce emissions from cars and industries.
1.ozone does harm to plants mainly by ________.
A.exposing them to strong sunlight
B.damaging the structure of their leaves
C.adding more pores to the roots
D.making the land unfit for the plants to grow
2.Which of the following statement does Hanqin Tian support?
A.Ozone pollution has increased 1 6 times in the past 30 years.
B.Ozone pollution has lowered plant productivity alone.
C.Plants can take in a large amount of carbon and other pollutants.
D.The toxic air has few effects on food supply in China.
3.What Can we infer from the passage?
A.Healthy foods are not available in Beijing.
B.Some kinds of plants aren’t affected by air pollution.
C.Crops in China are hard to feed its large population.
D.People should stop developing economically
4.According to the passage,the Chinese govemment should
A.care more about developing economy
B.reduce the number of cars and industries
C.continue to make more researches
D.take measures to reduce carbon emissions
5.What′S the best title of the passage?
A.Polluted air damages plants and crops
B.Air pollution is becoming more serious
C.China’s air pollution and climate changes
D.Food security in China
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
A woman wears a face mask to protect her from polluted air in Lanzhou, China, in December.
A new study showed air pollution might put people more at risk for heart disease than scientists had thought. Kristin Miller, a doctoral student at the University of Washington, said chances of getting the disease were related to not only which city a woman lived in, but also where in the city. The study found that the effects of air pollution were often larger within cities than between cities.
The new findings make experts suspect that current pollution limits may be inadequate. Scientists examined rates of heart attack, stroke (中风) and other cardiovascular (心脏血管的) events in women with long-term exposure to air pollution.
The study involved women over the age of fifty who had no sign of cardiovascular disease at the start of the research. The study followed the women for as long as nine years to see how they would develop cardiovascular problems.
The researchers also examined levels of fine particles (粒子,微粒) in the air in 36 areas across the country. That information came from the Environmental Protection Agency. The extremely small particles came from industrial smoke and traffic, along with things like wood-burning fireplaces in houses.
In the study, every ten-microgram increase in pollution was linked to a twenty-four percent increase in the risk of a cardiovascular event. But it was related to a seventy-six percent increase in the risk of death from cardiovascular disease.
But just how do particles in the air damage the cardiovascular system? The particles may cause the lungs to swell and release chemicals from the pollutants into the blood. The chemicals then could damage the heart.
1.The passage mainly talks about______.
A. the effects of pollution on women
B. how to protect women from air pollution
C. how air pollution damages a person’s heart
D. the relationship between air pollution and heart diseases
2.The case of the woman wearing a face mask shows ______.
A. people are paying more and more attention to their health
B. the woman is afraid of getting heart disease
C. Lanzhou city is more heavily polluted than other cities
D. air pollution is becoming more and more serious
3.We can learn from the passage that _______.
A. air pollution is more serious than scientists thought
B. the control of air pollution is effective in some cities
C. people throughout a city have the same risk of getting heart diseases
D. air pollution affects women more than men
4.The study implies that ______.
A. air pollution has a bigger effect on older women than younger women
B. small particles in the air mainly come from industrial smoke
C. the rise in air pollution may lead to a higher death rate from cardiovascular disease
D. air pollution has been affecting people for as long as nine years in the city of Lanzhou
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
A woman wears a face mask to protect her from polluted air in Lanzhou, China, in December.
A new study showed air pollution might put people more at risk for heart disease than scientists had thought.Kristin Miller, a doctoral student at the University of Washington, said chances of getting the disease were related to not only which city a woman lived in, but also where in the city.The study found that the effects of air pollution were often larger within cities than between cities.
The new findings make experts suspect that current pollution limits may be inadequate.Scientists examined rates of heart attack, stroke (中风) and other cardiovascular (心脏血管的) events in women with long-term exposure to air pollution.
The study involved women over the age of fifty who had no sign of cardiovascular disease at the start of the research.The study followed the women for as long as nine years to see how they would develop cardiovascular problems.
The researchers also examined levels of fine particles (粒子,微粒) in the air in 36 areas across the country.That information came from the Environmental Protection Agency.The extremely small particles came from industrial smoke and traffic, along with things like wood-burning fireplaces in houses.
In the study, every ten-microgram increase in pollution was linked to a twenty-four percent increase in the risk of a cardiovascular event.But it was related to a seventy-six percent increase in the risk of death from cardiovascular disease.
But just how do particles in the air damage the cardiovascular system? The particles may cause the lungs to swell and release chemicals from the pollutants into the blood.The chemicals then could damage the heart.
1.The passage mainly talks about______.
A.the effects of pollution on women
B.how to protect women from air pollution
C.how air pollution damages a person’s heart
D.the relationship between air pollution and heart diseases
2.The case of the woman wearing a face mask shows ______.
A.people are paying more and more attention to their health
B.the woman is afraid of getting heart disease
C.Lanzhou city is more heavily polluted than other cities
D.air pollution is becoming more and more serious
3.We can learn from the passage that _______.
A.air pollution is more serious than scientists thought
B.the control of air pollution is effective in some cities
C.people throughout a city have the same risk of getting heart diseases
D.air pollution affects women more than men
4.The study implies that ______.
A.air pollution has a bigger effect on older women than younger women
B.small particles in the air mainly come from industrial smoke
C.the rise in air pollution may lead to a higher death rate from cardiovascular disease
D.air pollution has been affecting people for as long as nine years in the city of Lanzhou
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
A new study links heavy air pollution from coal burning to shorter lives in northern China. Researchers estimate that the half-billion people alive there in the 1990s will live an average of 5 years less than their southern counterparts because they breathed dirtier air.
China itself made the comparison possible: for decades, a now-discontinued government policy provided free coal for heating, but only in the colder north. Researchers found significant differences in both particulate pollution of the air and life expectancy in the two regions.
While previous studies have found that pollution affects human health, "the deeper and ultimately more important question is the impact on life expectancy," said one of the researchers, Michael Greenstone, a professor of environmental economics at Massachusetts Institute of 一Technology. "This study provides a unique setting to answer the life expectancy question because the(heating) policy dramatically changes pollution concentrations(含量),,,Greenstone said in an email. "Further, due to the low rates of migration in China in this period, we can know people's exposure over long time periods," he said.
The policy gave free coal for fuel boilers to heat homes and offices to cities north of the Huai Riv饥which divides China into north and south. It was in effect for much of the 1950-198,0 period of central planning, and, though discontinued after 1980, it has left a legacy(遗留) in the north of heavy coal burning, which releases particulate pollutants into the air that can harm human health. Researchers found no other government policies that treated China's north differently from the south.
The researchers collected data for 90 cities, from 1981 to 2000, on the annual daily average concentration of total suspended(悬浮的)particulates. In China, those are considered to be particulates that are 100 micrometers or less in diameter, sent out from sources including power stations, construction sites and vehicles. Among them, PM2.5 is of especially great health concern because it can go deep into the lungs.
The researchers estimated the impact on life expectancies using death data from 1991-2000. They found that in the north, the concentration of particulates was 184 micrograms per cubic meter一or 55 percent higher than in the south, and life expectancies were 5.5 years lower on average across all age ranges.
1.The main idea of this passage is that_·
A. research in China finds air pollution shortened life expectancy
B.the government provided free coal for heating in North China
C.coal burning causes bad air quality across China
D. a new study finds different particulates in South China
2.According to Greenstone,_greatly contributed to the high pollution concentrations in North China.
A. power stations B. construction sites
C. the free heating policy D. gases from vehicles
3.It is implied in the passage that_·
A. coal is no longer used for heating in North China
B.air quality was comparatively better in South China
C. southerners burned coals for heating in the 1980s
D.people preferred to live in South China after 1980
4.The underlined word "particulates" most probably means_.
A. dirty clouds B. particular smoke
C. harmful dust D. dangerous bacteria
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
People read newspapers and magazines in order to keep themselves _________ of
what is going on in the world outside.
A.connected | B.known | C.updated | D.informed |
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析