Starting a small business is always risky, and the chance of success is really _____.
A.fantastic B.obvious C.slim D.gentle
高三英语单项填空中等难度题
Starting a small business is always risky, and the chance of success is really _____.
A.fantastic B.obvious C.slim D.gentle
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
(2018·江苏)Self-driving is an area _______ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.
A. that B. where
C. which D. when
高三英语单项填空困难题查看答案及解析
Busy as I am every day, I always open my computer and check my email. Most of the time I am simply doing finger exercises, another form of piano practice without beautiful tones. Sometimes, however, I receive a gift, reminding me of the gifts in my life. The following passage is one of those gifts.
Peter Jones is a 92-year-old, short, calm and proud man. Every morning he is fully dressed by eight o’clock, with his hair fashionably combed and face perfectly shaved even though hi is unable to see anything. He would move to a nursing home today. His wife of 70 years old has recently passed away, making the move necessary.
After hours of waiting patiently in the entrance hall of the nursing home, he smiled sweetly when told his room was ready. As he moved his walking stick skillfully to the elevator, the nurse provided a visual description of his tiny room. “I love it,” he stated with enthusiasm. “Mr. Jones, you haven’t been the room,” said the nurse.
“That doesn’t have anything to do with it,” he replied. “Happiness is something you decide on ahead of time. Whether I like my room or not doesn’t depend on how the furniture is arranged…it’s how I arrange my mind. I have already decided to love it. It’s a decision I make every morning when I wake up. I have a choice: I can spend the day in bed complaining of the difficulty I have with the parts of my body that no longer work, or get out of bed and be thankful for the ones that do.”
Each day is a gift, and as long as we are alive. We’ll focus on the new day and all the happy memories we’ve stored just as Mr. Jones does.
1.What do we know about Mr. Jones ?
A. He is a blind but very neat.
B. His wife died many years ago.
C. He likes playing the piano.
D. His room in the nursing home is big.
2.How did Mr. Jones feel about his room in the nursing home?
A. worried B. curious C. disappointed D. content
3.The underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refers to ________.
A. the furniture B. the room C. a decision D. a gift
4.What would be the best title for the text?
A. Each Day is a Gift B. Be Always Grateful
C. Living in a nursing room D. Arrange Your Mind Every Day
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Scientists have exactly discovered the set of brain cells involved in making risky decisions, and have been able to control them in rats using targeted light. By changing the activity of the cells they were able to change the behaviour of risk-taking rats to avoid risk, hinting the approach could in future be used to treat people with impulse (冲动) control problems.
Risk-taking is a key part of survival, knowing when to take a chance could pay off—such as moving to a new area to look for food when pickings are slim.
While all animals need an element of risk, the preference towards it varies between individuals. Researchers found this variation, which determines how risk-averse an individual is, is regulated by brain cells in a region of the brain called the nucleus accumbens. This cluster of neurons releases the neurotransmitter dopamine, which regulates the brain’s reward and pleasure centres.
Previous studies have shown that in patients with Parkinson’s disease, taking medication which blocks specific dopamine receptors (DR2) (受体) leads to increased gambling (赌博) behaviour and risk taking behaviour. In studies with rats, researchers were able to use a technique called optogenetics (光遗传学)—which uses light sensitive proteins to change the activity of cells—to modify cells with DR2 in the nucleus accumbens.
Rats were trained to choose one of two levers, offering them a choice between a “safe” or “risky” choice. The safe option resulted in a small, but consistent amount of a sugar water treat. But the risky choice consistently delivered smaller amounts of sugar water, with the occasional large pay off—essentially encouraging the animals to gamble for a bigger prize. Around two-thirds of the animals weren’t keen on risk, opting for the safe option, but the remaining third were risk-seekers. Brain scans of the animals showed that those with low levels of DR2 consistently went for the gamble.
But using pulses of light to stimulate (刺激) the DR2 cells and improve their activity could cause the risk-takers to play it safe and opt for the guaranteed but less rewarding option. Once the light-pulses stopped, the risk-takers returned to their gambling strategy.
In the risk-averse animals, stimulating the same cells had little to no effect.
Professor Karl Deisseroth, of Stanford University in California, said: “Humans and rats have similar brain structures involved.”And we found a drug known to increase risk preference in people had the same effect on the rats. So every indication is that these findings are relevant to humans. “Risky behavior has its moments where it’ s valuable. As a species, we wouldn’t have come as far as we have without it.”
1.The variation in people’s preference towards risks is directly regulated by ________.
A. nucleus accumbens B. light sensitive proteins
C. neurons D. dopamine
2.From the experiment with rats, we can conclude that ________.
A. the lack of DR2 cells results in a safe option
B. the levels of DR2 have little to do with their choices
C. the high levels of DR2 can make animals avoid risks
D. the risky choice is a less rewarding option
3.The underlined words in Paragraph 7 most likely mean the animals that are ________.
A. willing to take big risks
B. reluctant to take risks
C. fond of gambling strategy
D. afraid of receiving stimulation
4.What can be inferred from what Professor Karl Deisseroth said?
A. Humans and rats differ in their preference for risk-taking.
B. Too much risk-taking can do more harm than good.
C. Risk-taking can be used to treat people with impulse control problems.
D. Risk-taking is a means of survival and brings higher returns to humans.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Scientists have exactly discovered the set of brain cells involved in making risky decisions, and have been able to control them in rats using targeted light. By changing the activity of the cells they were able to change the behaviour of risk-taking rats to avoid risk, hinting the approach could in future be used to treat people with impulse (冲动) control problems.
Risk-taking is a key part of survival, knowing when to take a chance could pay off—such as moving to a new area to look for food when pickings are slim.
While all animals need an element of risk, the preference towards it varies between individuals. Researchers found this variation, which determines how risk-averse an individual is, is regulated by brain cells in a region of the brain called the nucleus accumbens. This cluster of neurons releases the neurotransmitter dopamine, which regulates the brain’s reward and pleasure centres.
Previous studies have shown that in patients with Parkinson’s disease, taking medication which blocks specific dopamine receptors (DR2) (受体) leads to increased gambling (赌博) behaviour and risk taking behaviour. In studies with rats, researchers were able to use a technique called optogenetics (光遗传学)—which uses light sensitive proteins to change the activity of cells—to modify cells with DR2 in the nucleus accumbens.
Rats were trained to choose one of two levers, offering them a choice between a “safe” or “risky” choice. The safe option resulted in a small, but consistent amount of a sugar water treat. But the risky choice consistently delivered smaller amounts of sugar water, with the occasional large pay off—essentially encouraging the animals to gamble for a bigger prize. Around two-thirds of the animals weren’t keen on risk, opting for the safe option, but the remaining third were risk-seekers. Brain scans of the animals showed that those with low levels of DR2 consistently went for the gamble.
But using pulses of light to stimulate (刺激) the DR2 cells and improve their activity could cause the risk-takers to play it safe and opt for the guaranteed but less rewarding option. Once the light-pulses stopped, the risk-takers returned to their gambling strategy.
In the risk-averse animals, stimulating the same cells had little to no effect.
Professor Karl Deisseroth, of Stanford University in California, said: “Humans and rats have similar brain structures involved.”And we found a drug known to increase risk preference in people had the same effect on the rats. So every indication is that these findings are relevant to humans. “Risky behavior has its moments where it’ s valuable. As a species, we wouldn’t have come as far as we have without it.”
1.The variation in people’s preference towards risks is directly regulated by ________.
A. nucleus accumbens B. light sensitive proteins
C. neurons D. dopamine
2.From the experiment with rats, we can conclude that ________.
A. the lack of DR2 cells results in a safe option
B. the levels of DR2 have little to do with their choices
C. the high levels of DR2 can make animals avoid risks
D. the risky choice is a less rewarding option
3.The underlined words in Paragraph 7 most likely mean the animals that are ________.
A. willing to take big risks
B. reluctant to take risks
C. fond of gambling strategy
D. afraid of receiving stimulation
4.What can be inferred from what Professor Karl Deisseroth said?
A. Humans and rats differ in their preference for risk-taking.
B. Too much risk-taking can do more harm than good.
C. Risk-taking can be used to treat people with impulse control problems.
D. Risk-taking is a means of survival and brings higher returns to humans.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
downloading of large numbers of apps is one of the most risky behaviors someone with a smartphone can engage in.
A. Cautious B. Public C. Random D. General
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
The Luck of the Irish
Look at a map of Britain, and the island on the left is Ireland. It’s a small but beautiful country with a long tradition of folk music. Up until 10 years ago just about the only thing that Ireland was famous for was its specialty black beer.
Now Ireland is famous around the world for its music with names like "Kenya","U2" ,"Van Morrison"and more recently "the Corers". "Boyzone",one of the world's top boy bands ,is from Ireland too.What's more,Boyzone member shane has twin sisters,Adele and Heavy,who are members of "B Witched"
The "Boyzone"story is interesting because they were created in 1993 by Dublin nightclub owner John Reynolds.They advertised in newspapers to find members for the group and 300wannabe pop stars applied!
Ronan,who was just 17 when he dropped out of school to make his bid for stardom,and shane,who had been working as trained mechanic in his father's garage when he left to join Boyzone,were both lucky enough to be chosen. The other members are shoe-shop attendant stephen lately,former mechanic Mike Graham and one-time clothes store assistant Keith Dully.
Many people expect bands that have been created by the music industry to produce boring music which doesn't become popular. Even the boys themselves knew they the would not easily achieve international pop music success.
Boyzone quickly proved that they were more than just pretty faces and have sold millions of records around the world.At the moment ,they are not big stars in America,but they say that will change,when they begin a tour of the United States.
Ronan will shortly also start recording as a solo artist. That does not mean the band will spilt yet,but we can expect Boyzone to split sometime in the next 18 months or so.Ronan has also recently become involved as one of the managers of new Irish boy band "West Life" whose song "Swear It Again"has recently been Number 1 in the British charts.
1.Ireland is famous for ________now.
A.its black beer B.its long tradition
C.popular music D.its scenery
2.The words “wannabe pop stars” in the third paragraph mean.
A.the pops who want to join the band
B.the persons who want to become pop stars
C.the pop stars who want to become more popular
D.the persons who want to be as famous as they are
3.Boy zone was formed by ________members in 1993.
A.3 B.4 C.5 D.6
4.Acording to the passage, we know that________.
A.Boy zone will split some day
B.Boy zone was successful because it was created by music industry
C.The boys in Boy zone were certain that they would be famous one day
D.Boy zone are going to perform in the States for Americans love them very much
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
B
Play is the basic business of childhood, and more and more in recent years research has shown the great importance of play in the development of a human being.From earliest infancy (婴儿), every child needs opportunity and the right material for play, and the main tools of play are toys.The main function of toys is to suggest, encourage and assist play.To succeed in this, they must be good toys, which children will play with often, and will come back to again and again.Therefore, it is important to choose suitable toys for different stages of a child’s development.
In recent years research on infant development has shown that the standard a child is likely to reach, within the range of his inherited abilities, is largely determined in the first three years of his life.So a baby’s ability to benefit from the right play materials should not be underestimated.A baby who is encouraged, talked to and shown things and played with, has the best chance of growing up successfully.
The next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds.Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability. Bricks and jigsaws and construction toys; painting, scribbling and making things; sand and water play; toys for imaginative and pretending play; the first social games for learning to play and get on with others.
By the third stage of play development—from five to seven or eight years old— the child is at school.But for a few more years play is still the best way of learning, at home or at school.It is easier to see which type of toys the child most enjoys.
Until the age of seven or eight, play and work mean much the same to a child.But once reading has been mastered, then books and school become the main source of learning.Toys are still interesting and valuable, which lead up to new hobbies, but their significance has changed —to a child of nine or ten years old, toys and games mean, as to adults, relaxation and fun.
1.60. The writer wants us to understand that a child_______.
A.cannot grow up without toys | B.matures through play |
C.uses toys as friends | D.has to be taught how to play |
2.61. According to the passage, the abilities a child has inherited from his parents ________.
A.determine his character |
B.will not change after the age of three |
C.partly determine the standard he is likely to reach |
D.to a large extent determine the choice of toys |
3.62. The passage tells us that children are the most curious when they are about______.
A.two years old | B.one year old |
C.six years old | D.four years old |
4.63. The article is about_______.
A.the importance of play | B.the importance of books |
C.the relationship between play and work | D.children’s speech development |
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
A team of farmers, university researchers and environmentalists is busy at work in the wetlands of eastern England. They are digging into the area’s wheat fields, looking for wet earth that could hide lost ponds underneath. It takes the group of diggers just a few hours to revive (使复活) one dying pond. It’s near Hindolveston, a thousand-year-old village close to the North Sea.
“As soon as the buried ponds get water and light, they just spring to life,” says Nick Anema, a farmer in nearby Dereham. He’s brought seven ponds on his farm back to life. “Frogs and all the insects like dragonflies can be seen here again,” he said.
But the battle for the wetlands is a struggle. While efforts to stop losses are continuing, wetlands around the world are still being filled in and covered up. Over the past three centuries, almost 90% of the world’s wetlands have disappeared. The loss rate has increased since the 1970s, with wetlands now disappearing three times faster than, the world’s forests.
Some 5,000 wetland-dependent animal species could die out because of such losses. Wetland loss can also affect human beings. Wetlands act as natural storage areas for water. Losing those areas could lead to more severe flooding in many parts of the world. And the act of removing water from wetlands can release huge amounts of carbon dioxide, a major contributor to climate change.
Human-made wetlands, however, aren’t decreasing in number. Rice fields, water reservoirs and agricultural stock ponds have all increased since the 1970s. Yet scientists are concerned about this phenomenon. “People brag (自夸) about the fact that there’s been no net loss (净损失) of wetlands. But what they’ve done is destroy natural wetlands and create artificial ones,” says Stuart Pimm, a Duke University professor. “It makes it look like you’re doing no harm when the reality is very different.”
1.What’s the team’s work in eastern England intended for?
A.Digging wet earth for research. B.Researching into an old village.
C.Bringing dying ponds back to life. D.Finding wetlands created by people.
2.What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about?
A.Various functions of wetlands. B.Serious consequences of wetland loss.
C.Wetlands’ key role in climate change. D.Wetlands’ importance to living things.
3.Which of the following reflects Stuart Purim’s opinion?
A.Artificial wetlands can’t replace natural ones.
B.Creating artificial wetlands upsets the balance of nature.
C.Keeping the total number of various kinds of wetlands is important.
D.It’s important to balance the numbers of natural wetlands and artificial ones.
4.What can be the best title for the text?
A.Seeking for More Wetlands B.Saving the World’s Wetlands
C.Causes of Wetlands’ Disappearance D.Natural Wetlands vs. Artificial Wetlands
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
语法填空
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或所给单词的正确形式。
When I was starting my own business, I always those successful businessmen either offline 1. online about their experiences. The best advice I ever got was similar to this statement: You are 2. (respond) for you own experience.
Soon I realized that this is true for everything in life.
In my opinion, one of mistakes that we make as 3. (human) is to look up to someone as our “role model”. Although the concept of “role model” is good, 4. it can potentially lead to can be dangerous. We always try to convince 5. (we) that if we copy their success story then we will be naturally end 6. with the same success. This isn’t true at all. It’s their experience that made them what they are. You can’t repeat that. Once I 7.(open)a firm to make electronic devices, and I regarded Bill Gates as my role model. I had thought that years later I would be as successful as him. But the result was just contrary to my 8. (expect), and I failed. As time went on, I realized that different persons have different strong points, abilities and capabilities. So stop 9. (try) to copy others’ experiences, but build your own. Enjoy what life throws at you and make the 10. (well) out of it.
高三英语语法填空中等难度题查看答案及解析